Introduction:

Pigmentation refers to the colouring of the skin, hair, and eyes, primarily determined by the amount and type of melanin present.

Melanin is a natural pigment produced by specialised cells called melanocytes. It is responsible for the colour of the skin, hair, and eyes.

Normal pigmentation provides protection against UV radiation and influences aesthetic appearance.

 

Types of Pigmentation Disorders:

Hyperpigmentation: An excess of melanin, leading to darker areas of skin (e.g., age spots, melasma)

Hypopigmentation: A deficiency of melanin, resulting in lighter patches of skin (e.g., vitiligo).

Causes of Pigmentation Changes:

1. Sun Exposure:

UV rays stimulate melanin production as a protective response, leading to tanning or the formation of spots.

2. Hormonal Changes:

Conditions such as pregnancy or hormonal therapies can increase melanin production.

3. Skin Injuries or Inflammation:

Damage to the skin can lead to post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.

 

4. Genetic Factors:

Some individuals may be genetically predisposed to certain pigmentation conditions.

 

Conclusion:

Pigmentation is an important aspect of skin health and can be influenced by a variety of factors.

While variations in pigmentation are often normal, these variations can create an uneven skin tone, affecting overall complexion and often bothering especially the ladies.

 

 

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